How Greek Firms Can Launch Their Activities in the Czech Republic: Requirements and Market Basics

If your Greek company is considering expansion into the Czech market, you need specific answers about legal requirements, registration procedures, and hidden risks that could delay your launch or trigger penalties. As a leading Czech law firm in Prague, European Union, ARROWS guides Greek businesses through every step of Czech market entry, ensuring compliance while avoiding costly mistakes.

Need advice on this topic? Contact the ARROWS law firm by email office@arws.cz or phone +420 245 007 740. Your question will be answered by "Mgr. Vojtěch Sucharda", an expert on the subject.

What Market Entry Options Are Available to Greek Companies?

Greek firms have two primary pathways for establishing a presence in the Czech Republic: registering a branch office or incorporating a Czech subsidiary. Each structure carries distinct legal implications that directly impact your liability, tax obligations, and operational flexibility.

A branch office (organizační složka) remains legally dependent on your Greek parent company. While this option may appear simpler initially, the parent company bears unlimited liability for all branch activities, debts, and legal violations committed in the Czech Republic. The branch must register with the Czech Commercial Register and obtain a trade license before conducting any business activities.

A Czech subsidiary (společnost s ručením omezeným or akciová společnost) operates as an independent legal entity under Czech law. This structure limits your liability to the capital invested and provides significantly greater flexibility for local decision-making. Most Greek investors prefer the subsidiary model despite slightly higher setup costs, as it shields the parent company from direct exposure to Czech legal risks.

Greek companies should carefully evaluate whether unlimited parental liability aligns with their risk tolerance before choosing the branch option.

What Legal Documents Must Greek Firms Prepare?

The documentation requirements differ substantially from Greek corporate law and often surprise foreign investors. For a Czech limited liability company (s.r.o.), you must prepare Articles of Association in Czech as a notarial deed—a formal requirement unknown in Greek practice where simple private agreements suffice.

Greek parent companies establishing a subsidiary must provide:

• Resolution of the parent company's board authorizing the Czech establishment
• Extract from the Greek Commercial Register (apostilled or superlegalized)
• Criminal record certificates for all appointed directors (apostilled, less than 90 days old)
• Proof of registered capital deposit in a Czech bank account
• Declaration of the business address with legal grounds for use

All Greek documents require official Czech translation by a court-certified translator, adding 2-3 weeks to your timeline if not planned properly.

FAQ – Legal tips about document preparation

1. Can we use our Greek lawyer to prepare the documents?
Greek legal expertise is valuable but insufficient for Czech registration. Czech law requires specific formalities—such as notarial deeds and apostilled documents—that Greek lawyers may overlook, causing registration rejection. Our Prague-based lawyers handle these requirements daily and ensure your documentation meets Czech standards. Contact us at office@arws.cz for document review.

2. How long does document authentication take?
Apostille procedures in Greece typically require 5-10 business days, plus courier time and Czech translation. We recommend starting this process 4 weeks before your target launch date to avoid delays.

How Does the Czech Registration Process Work?

The Czech Commercial Register operates under strict deadlines that differ markedly from Greek bureaucratic timelines. Once you submit a complete application, the registry court must register your company within five working days. However, "complete" is the operative word—missing signatures or improperly apostilled documents trigger immediate rejection without possibility of correction within the deadline.

Greek companies often underestimate the trade license (živnostenský list) requirement. Unlike Greece where commercial registration often suffices, Czech law mandates a separate trade license application before commercial register submission. The Trade Licensing Office charges CZK 1,000 and typically issues licenses within 5-7 days, but professional trades require proof of educational credentials that must be nostrified (recognized) in the Czech Republic—a process taking 30-60 days.

The five-day registration deadline creates a false sense of urgency that leads many Greek firms to submit incomplete applications, resulting in rejection and 2-3 week delays for resubmission.

What Tax and Regulatory Differences Should Greek Firms Expect?

Czech tax registration deadlines are significantly stricter than Greek procedures. Your Czech entity must register for corporate income tax within 15 days of commercial register entry, even if you have no revenue. Greek companies accustomed to more flexible Greek tax office practices often miss this deadline, triggering automatic penalties of CZK 2,000-3,000 and increased scrutiny in subsequent tax inspections.

The double taxation treaty between Greece and the Czech Republic protects your profits from double taxation, but the mechanism differs from EU directives you may be familiar with. The treaty applies the ordinary credit method, meaning if Czech taxes are lower than Greek taxes on the same income, you must pay the difference in Greece. Conversely, if Czech taxes are higher (which occurs with certain withholding taxes), you receive no refund in Greece.

Greek companies must also register for VAT within 15 days of exceeding CZK 2 million in turnover—a threshold lower than Greece's €35,000, catching many expanding Greek firms by surprise.

Registration and Licensing Risks

Risks and penalties	How ARROWS helps (office@arws.cz)
Incomplete documentation causes Commercial Register rejection, delaying launch by 2-3 weeks and potentially causing contract breaches with Czech partners	Document compliance review – We verify all Greek documents meet Czech apostille, translation, and notarization requirements before submission, preventing rejection
Missed 15-day tax registration deadline triggers automatic fines of CZK 2,000-3,000 and flags your company for future tax inspections	Tax registration management – We handle all tax office registrations within statutory deadlines, ensuring compliance from day one
Operating without trade license results in fines up to CZK 500,000 and possible criminal liability for directors	Trade license procurement – We identify correct license categories, prepare professional competence documentation, and expedite issuance

How Do Greek and Czech Corporate Cultures Differ?

Business culture differences between Greece and the Czech Republic create unexpected legal risks. Greek companies often rely on verbal agreements and relationship-based trust, but Czech law demands written documentation for virtually all business transactions. A Greek CEO's handshake agreement with a Czech supplier has no legal standing in Czech courts without a written contract.

Czech business culture emphasizes formality and hierarchy more than Greek practice. Czech employees expect clear written policies, formal approval processes, and documented decision-making trails. Greek management styles that delegate through informal channels often face employee compliance issues and labor law violations in the Czech Republic.

Greek firms frequently encounter labor law penalties because Greek-style verbal management instructions violate Czech requirements for written employment directives and formal disciplinary procedures.

Operational and Compliance Risks

Risks and penalties	How ARROWS helps (office@arws.cz)
Verbal management instructions lead to labor law violations, fines up to CZK 200,000 per employee, and wrongful termination lawsuits	Internal policy drafting – We prepare legally compliant employment handbooks, disciplinary procedures, and management protocols tailored to Czech labor law
Missing written contracts with suppliers/customers result in unenforceable agreements and potential losses of receivables	Contract drafting and review – We create Czech-law compliant contracts that protect your interests and ensure enforceability in Czech courts
Data protection non-compliance (GDPR) triggers fines up to €20 million or 4% of global turnover	GDPR compliance documentation – We draft privacy policies, data processing agreements, and employee training programs

What Are the Hidden Costs of Czech Market Entry?

Greek companies frequently miscalculate setup costs by 40-60% because they overlook mandatory expenses unique to Czech law. Beyond registration fees (approximately CZK 15,000-20,000), you must budget for:

• Notarial fees: CZK 2,000-5,000 for Articles of Association notarization
• Apostille and legalization: €50-150 per document plus courier costs
• Certified translations: CZK 500-800 per standard page
• Trade license administrative fee: CZK 1,000
• Registered office address: CZK 12,000-30,000 annually if you don't have physical premises
• Bank account opening: Many Czech banks charge CZK 1,000-2,000 for company account setup

The most expensive hidden cost is registration rejection due to documentation errors, which restarts the entire timeline and doubles your legal and notarial expenses.

How Long Does Market Entry Really Take?

While Czech law sets aggressive deadlines, the realistic timeline for Greek companies is 6-8 weeks from decision to operational readiness. This breaks down as:

• Document preparation and apostille: 2-3 weeks
• Trade license issuance: 1 week (free trades) to 8 weeks (professional trades requiring nostrification)
• Commercial registration: 1 week after complete submission
• Tax and social security registration: 1 week
• Bank account opening: 1-2 weeks

Greek companies attempting to rush this process inevitably make documentation errors that cause 3-4 week delays, making the "fast" approach actually slower than following a proper timeline.

FAQ – Legal tips about timeline management

1. Can we start operations while waiting for registration?
Absolutely not. Any pre-registration business activity constitutes illegal entrepreneurship under Czech law, punishable by fines up to CZK 500,000 and director liability. You must wait for Commercial Register entry and trade license issuance. Our lawyers ensure you understand the legal launch date—contact office@arws.cz for timeline planning.

2. Does being an EU member speed up the process?
EU membership eliminates visa requirements but does not accelerate registration procedures. Greek companies face identical documentation and procedural requirements as other foreign investors. Our Prague-based team expedites the process through daily interaction with Czech authorities.

What Post-Registration Obligations Must Greek Firms Fulfill?

Czech corporate compliance requirements differ significantly from Greek obligations and create ongoing administrative burdens that surprise many Greek investors. Within 8 days of hiring your first employee, you must register with social security and health insurance authorities—deadlines far stricter than Greek IKA procedures.

Your Czech entity must maintain accounting records in Czech currency and file annual financial statements with the Commercial Register, even if dormant. Greek parent companies often overlook this requirement, resulting in fines of CZK 10,000-30,000 for late filing.

The Czech Republic requires electronic communication through data boxes (datové schránky) for all official correspondence. Greek directors without Czech residence permits cannot access these data boxes, causing missed deadlines and automatic penalties.

Post-Registration Compliance Risks

Risks and penalties	How ARROWS helps (office@arws.cz)
Missed employee registration deadlines (8 days) triggers fines of CZK 5,000 per employee and social security arrears with penalties	HR compliance management – We handle all employee registrations, social security notifications, and labor law obligations on your behalf
Late financial statement filing results in Commercial Register fines of CZK 10,000-30,000 and potential director disqualification	Annual compliance service – We prepare and file all required financial statements, tax returns, and corporate filings within statutory deadlines
Data box inaccessibility causes missed official notices, automatic penalties, and potential enforcement proceedings	Registered agent service – We monitor your data box, respond to official communications, and ensure you never miss a deadline

How Does ARROWS Simplify Czech Market Entry for Greek Companies?

ARROWS law firm based in Prague, European Union, handles Greek market entry projects weekly. Our international law firm operating from Prague, European Union, understands both Greek business culture and Czech legal formalities, bridging the gap that causes most Greek companies to stumble.

We support over 150 joint-stock companies and 250 limited liability companies, including numerous Greek-owned entities. Our lawyers are insured for damages up to CZK 500,000,000, providing security that individual consultants or Greek law firms without Czech presence cannot offer.

Greek firms that attempt DIY registration spend an average of 120 hours on administrative tasks and face 60% rejection rates on first submission. ARROWS clients typically launch within 6-7 weeks with zero rejections.

Our comprehensive service includes:

• Document authentication coordination in Greece and Czech Republic
• Notarial deed preparation and trade license procurement
• Commercial Register submission and follow-up
• Tax, social security, and health insurance registration
• Data box setup and monitoring
• Drafting of internal policies and employment contracts
• Ongoing compliance management and legal representation

We operate in 90 countries globally and regularly connect Greek clients with Czech business partners, facilitating market entry beyond mere legal registration.

FAQ – Most Common Legal Questions About Greek Companies Entering the Czech Republic

1. Can Greek citizens serve as directors of Czech companies without residency permits?
Yes, EU citizens including Greeks can serve as directors without Czech residency permits. However, you need a Czech business address and must obtain a criminal record certificate from Greece (apostilled and translated). For immediate assistance with director appointments, write to us at office@arws.cz. 

2. Is the double taxation treaty between Greece and Czech Republic still applicable after Brexit?
Greece and Czech Republic have a bilateral double taxation treaty independent of EU membership, fully applicable regardless of other EU countries' status. The treaty prevents double taxation through the ordinary credit method. Need help structuring your tax approach? Contact us at office@arws.cz. 

3. Can we use our Greek company name in the Czech Republic?
You can use your Greek name only if it's unique in the Czech Commercial Register and includes the legal form (s.r.o. or a.s.). The Trade Register will reject names that are already registered or misleading. Our lawyers conduct name availability checks—email office@arws.cz for verification.

4. What happens if we start business activities before receiving our trade license?
Operating without a trade license constitutes a criminal offense of illegal entrepreneurship, punishable by fines up to CZK 500,000 and potential director imprisonment. Czech authorities actively monitor business activities. Do not risk criminal liability—contact our firm at office@arws.cz for emergency compliance.

5. How much registered capital is required for a Czech s.r.o.?
Czech law requires only CZK 1 minimum registered capital, but banks typically demand CZK 100,000-200,000 deposit for account opening. More importantly, insufficient capital signals instability to Czech partners and authorities. We advise Greek clients on optimal capital structure—reach us at office@arws.cz. 

6. Can ARROWS help if we've already made mistakes in our registration attempt?
Absolutely. We regularly rescue Greek companies from registration rejections, missed deadlines, and compliance violations. Our lawyers can rectify most issues within 1-2 weeks, minimizing penalties and delays. If you're facing registration problems, don't hesitate to contact our company - office@arws.cz.